Climate Change Is Affected By Cars - 1704 Words

Climate change can be prevented with proper equipment like weather radars, but society also has to listen to the experts when they provide them with information. According to Tori Jennings Climate change mitigation is too reduce or prevent a future global climate change (Jennings, 2011). For example, when global warming was first talked about by experts, they had mentioned that factories and cars should be used less because pollution would have an effect on global warming. According to Palmer, Climate change is affected by cars because of the pollution vehicles create. Some toxins that are released by a vehicles exhaust are carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and hydrocarbons (Palmer, 1911). These are just a few that are affecting our†¦show more content†¦Nuclear plants; even though they create a power source for our daily life’s, it also produces mass pollution that affects our climate. Climate change can be caused by many different things for example, the differences of solar radiations that’s received by the earth, volcanic eruptions, plate tectonics and human activities have also influenced climate change are often talked about as global warming (Jennings, 2011). Scientist have been trying to figure out the past and future climate by making observations and using theoretical models. There is a climate record of earths past and to this day scientists are continuing to add information. The geological evidence is from cores removed from ice that’s been accumulated, stable-isotope, glacial process and other investigations of sediment layers (Jennings, 2011). Climate change is it a naturally occurring or is it caused by humans? Every person has a different point of view on this, that is if they have an opinion on it. Personally, climate change does occur naturally, but also humans have been contributing to it. For example, the drought in California is it because people use too much water or is it a natural climate change. If we don’t have any rain and it is too hot, then droughts will occur. Greenhouse gas contributes to climate change. Humans contribute to climate change, ways they contribute to it is with the burning of fossil fuels and the transformation of forestry

Essay on History of The Mumps Virus - 633 Words

The Mumps virus seems to have been around since ancient times. Research says that the virus has been documented or recorded by the Hippocrates in 5th century BCE (Mumps Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases). We give credit to Johnson and Goodpasture for helping determine how the virus is spread. This particular virus has been and still is known worldwide but became a reportable disease in the United States in 1968. The history behind the Mumps is not very detailed but today we are able to prevent this disease here in the US. The structure of the Mumps is a single stranded RNA virus. Its genus is the Rubulavirus which is part of the Paramyxoviridae family . The Mumps virus is an acute virus that could become†¦show more content†¦A few other complications may be, orichitis , oophoritis, and deafness. In order to detect if a person has the mumps the first thing would be to look at the symptoms. Mainly the swollen jaws would be a good indication. After this confirming what we think is the next step so a sample must be collected. Depending on what exactly you are looking for and what type of test is to be done depends on what type of sample you must get. For a detection of the mumps antibody a blood sample is going to be the choice specimen. To get this sample a normal venipuncture procedure will be used. If you are testing for the virus in a culture there are several specimens that can be used. Examples include blood, urine, CSF, nasopharyngeal aspirate/washing and throat swabs (Measles and Mumps Tests). We use antibody testing most commonly to determine if a person has this virus. Once infected the body make IgM antibodies to the virus. Over time these antibodies disintegrate and IgG antibodies take their place forever, allowing the person to become immune to the mumps v irus if ever in contact with it again. There is also another test that detects the genetic strain of the virus called the RT-PCR test (Measles and Mumps Tests). This is used to help determine a cause especially if the results do not match the doctors suspicions. Lastly to be discussed is prevention of the mumps virus. As I s tated earlier in this paper the mumps is not very prevalent in theShow MoreRelatedPrevention And Prevention Of Vaccination1447 Words   |  6 Pagesmany types of vaccines, as the College of Physicians of Philadelphia discusses on its History of Vaccines (2014) website. There are several different types of vaccines including: live but not attenuated (MMR-measles, mumps and rubella vaccine), inactivated or killed pathogens (Polio, Hepatitis A), inactivated toxins (toxoids like tetanus or diphtheria), or subunits and conjugates like Hepatitis B and Influenza (History of Vaccines, 2014 ). Each type of vaccine has advantages and disadvantages as highlightedRead MoreVaccinations Should Not Be Mandatory935 Words   |  4 Pageswas beneficial for their health. It provided the base for the rest of the variations of vaccinations to come. Vaccinations began with the notion that it is rooted in the science of immunology. Througho ut history, there have been many variations of this first vaccine for things such as small pox, mumps, malaria and guinea worm. (The College of Physicians of Philadelphia, n.d.) Furthermore, there are beneficial reasons for embracing vaccinations for one’s children. Children are especially vulnerable toRead MoreVaccinations : Harmful Or Helpful?1288 Words   |  6 Pagessuch diseases as polio, measles and mumps. The parents who refuse to vaccinate their children are doing so out of fear that their child may develop autism. There has been unlimited amounts of research performed which show there is no link between vaccinations and autism. Researchers have found there may be a genetic link to autism. Vaccinations have a history as far back as ancient Greece. Doctors then were beginning to realize that getting infected with a virus would later help prevent becoming reinfectedRead MoreThe Anti Vaccine Movement1426 Words   |  6 PagesMyths tend to be persistent and require a lot of debunking. The anti-vaccine movement can credit its recent increase in successfully spreading fears that vaccines, and particularly either the MMR vaccine (mumps, measles, and rubella) or the vaccine preservative thimerosal, are linked to autism. The claim that the MMR vaccine causes autism is not backed by any scientific evidence and therefore should not be believed. Autism is a developmental disability that is caused by differences in how the brainRead MoreShould Mandatory Vaccinations Be Good For Our Kids?1521 Words   |  7 Pagesresearch links from vaccinations, and whether the two go hand and hand. Dr. Andrew Wakefield one of the more talked about in researching vaccinations with side effects, such as autism, conducted a study in 1998, which his research suggest (MMR) measles, mumps and rubella vaccinations had links with autism. His research was later considered flawed and rejected among many colleagues. But there are other physicians that have carried on some of Wakefield’s research with their own opinion and similar findingsRead MoreVaccination : Is It Worth A Shot? Essay1395 Words   |  6 PagesAerielle Paras Mrs. O’Brien English 111 29 October 2016 Vaccination: Is It Worth A Shot? An American scientist at Cornell University once said, â€Å"Advances in medicine and agriculture have saved vastly more lives than have been lost in all the wars in history† (Sagan). Vaccination, a result of the technological prosperity, had been practiced for centuries to counteract, if not stop, all kinds of diseases. It had been a way of preventing major illnesses to spread from one person to another. Vaccines areRead MoreMeasles Is A Contagious Disease860 Words   |  4 Pageslaunched in the US in the early 1960’s was thought to be eradicated (Orenstein, 2004). This amusement park was a perfect medium for the airborne virus to find new hosts and with the increased number of unvaccinated children this provided the perfect circumstances for an outbreak to take occur. â€Å"Measles is a highly contagious, serious disease caused by a virus,† (Measles, n.d). The United States had 668 record cases of measles in 27 states, in 2014. This is the highest number of c ases documented sinceRead MoreToday In The World Humans Have The Lowest Death Rate To1304 Words   |  6 Pages they greatly benefit the immune system and eradicate diseases. There are many reasons why someone may not get vaccines, yet autism is a main concern among parents. This originated from the MMR Hypothesis from 1995 that hypothesised the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine, or the MMR Vaccine for short, â€Å"caused disruption of intestinal tissue, that in turn led to bowel disease and neuropsychiatric disease (specifically, autism)† (â€Å"Vaccines Cause Autism?†). The MMR Hypothesis was originally created toRead MoreVaccination Is The Human Body Protect An Individual From Infection Or Disease?1407 Words   |  6 Pagesenourmous factor due to a broad range of prevantable diseases. World wide, millions if not billions of people are reprieved from ever being infected by certain diseases and viruses that could kill or leave them scarred even should they survive the virus. The low death toll and spread of diseases are directly connected to the use of vaccination. The main purpose of vaccination is to increase disease immunity among people and large populations. Vaccines teach the human body how to defend against foriegnRead MoreBenefits Of Getting Vaccinated Far Out Weigh The Risks Essay1453 Words   |  6 Pages A vaccine is given usually by injection, by mouth or by nasal spray, and it helps the body produce immunity by forming antibodies (they recognize and fight the disease), and it is made of either a killed (dead) or weakened form of the disease or virus. The body, with these antibodies and memory cells available, will recognize the disease for which you were vaccinated from, and will kill it, thus making you immune to the disease. Vaccines work, in fact they have done their job so well that Americans

Japan Analysis Essay Example For Students

Japan Analysis Essay The occupation of Japan was, from start to finish, an American operation. General Douglans MacArthur, sole supreme commander of the Allied Power was in charge. The Americans had insufficient men to make a military government of Japan possible; so t hey decided to act through the existing Japanese gobernment. General Mac Arthur became, except in name, dictator of Japan. He imposed his will on Japan. Demilitarization was speedily carried out, demobilization of the former imperial forces was complet ed by early 1946. Japan was extensively fire bomded during the second world war. The stench of sewer gas, rotting garbage, and the acrid smell of ashes and scorched debris pervaded the air. The Japanese people had to live in the damp, and col d of the concrete buildings, because they were the only ones left. Little remained of the vulnerable wooden frame, tile roof dwelling lived in by most Japanese. When the first signs of winter set in, the occupation forces immediately took over all the s team-heated buildings. The Japanese were out in the cold in the first post war winter fuel was very hard to find, a family was considered lucky if they had a small barely glowing charcoal brazier to huddle around. That next summer in random spots new ho uses were built, each house was standardized at 216 square feet, and required 2400 board feet of material in order to be built. A master plan for a modernistic city had been drafted, but it was cast aside because of the lack of time before the next winte r. The tho usands of people who lived in railroad stations and public parks needed housing. All the Japanese heard was democracy from the Americans. All they cared about was food. General MacAruther asked the government to send food, when they refus ed he sent another telegram that said, Send me food, or send me bullets.American troops were forbidden to eat local food, as to keep from cutting from cutting into the sparse local supply. No food was was brought in expressly for the Japanese durning the first six months after the American presence there. Herbert Hoover, serving as chairman of a special presidential advisory committee, recommended minimum imports to Japan of 870,000 tons of food to be distributed in different urban areas. Fi sh, the source of so much of the protein in the Japanese diet, were no longer available in adequate quantities because the fishing fleet, particularly the large vessels, had been badly decimated by the war and because the U.S.S.R. closed off the fishing g rounds in the north. The most important aspect of the democratization policy was the adoption of a new constitution and its supporting legislation. When the Japanese government proved too confused or too reluctant to come up with a constitutional reform that satisfied MacArthur, he had his own staff draft a new constitution in February 1946. This, with only minor changes, was then adopted by the Japanese government in the form of an imperial amendment to the 1889 constitution and went into effect on May 3, 1947. The new Constitution was a perfection of the British parliamentary form of government that the Japanese had been moving toward in the 1920s. Supreme political power was assigned to the Diet. Cabinets were made responsible to the Diet by having the prime minister elected by the lower house. The House of Peers was replaced by an elected House of Councillors. The judicial system was made as independent of executive interference as possible, and a newly created supreme court was given the power to re view the constitutionality of laws. Local governments were given greatly increased powers. The Most Dangerous Game EssayThe initial period of the occupation from 1945 to 1948 was marked by reform, the second phase was one of stabilization. Greater attention was given to improvement of the economy. Japan was a heavy expense to the United States. The ordered breakup of the Zaibatsu was slowed down. The union movement continued to grow, to the ult imate benefit of the worker. Unremitting pressure on employers brought swelling wages, which meant the steady expansion of Japan domestic consumer market. This market was a major reason for Japans subsequent economic boom. Another boom to the economy was the Korean War which proved to be a blessing in disguise. Japan became the main staging area for military action in Korea and went on a war boom economy with out having to fight in or pay for a war. The treaty of peace with Japan was signed at San Francisco in September 1951 by Japan, the United States, and forty-seven other nations. The Soviet Union refused to sign it. The treaty went into effect in April 1952, officially terminating the United States military occupation and restoring full independence. What is extraordinary in the Occupation and its aftermath was the insignificance of the unpleasant. For the Japanese, the nobility of American ideals and the essential benignity of the American presence assuaged much of the bitterness and anguish of defeat. For the Americans, the joys of promoting peace and democracy triumphed over the attendant fustrations and grievances. Consequently, the Occupation served to lay down a substantial capital of good will on which both America and Jap an would draw in the years ahead. BIBLIOGRAPHYChristopher, Robert C. /The Japanese Mind/. New York: Fawcett Columbine, 1983La Cerda, John. /The Conqueror Comes to Tea/. New Brunswick: R utgers University Press, 1946Manchester, William. /American Caesar/. New York: Dell Publishing Company, Inc., 1978Perry, John Curtis. /Beneath the Eagles Wings/. New York: Dodd, Mead And Company, 1980Reischauer, Edwin O. / The Japanese/. London: Belknap Press, 1977Seth, Ronald. /Milestones in Japanese History/. Philadelphia: Chilton Book Company, 1969Sheldon, Walt. /The Honorable Conquerors/. New York: The Macmillan Company., 1965

Psychology Right Brain, Left Brain The Article In Which I Chose To Exa

Psychology Right Brain, Left Brain The article in which I chose to examine is called Right Brain, Left Brain: Fact and Fiction, written by Jerre Levy. In the past fifteen years or so there has been a lot of talk of left brain and right brain people. Levy's reason for righting this article was clearly to stop the misconceptions and show the truth about how our brain hemispheres operate. Levy first explores the myth of the left brain and right brain theory. She states that generally people see the left hemisphere of the brain controlling logic and language and the right, creativity and intuition. In addition people differ in their styles of thought, depending on which half of the brain is dominant. She believes that most of what these notions state is farce. Next the article explores the history of this fascination of the left and right hemispheres of the brain. Apparently the study of this aspect of the brain traces back to time of Hippocrates. Levy weaves in and out of the various theories and prominent people known for contributing to the confusion. It wasn't until 1962 when Roger W. Sperry began experimenting on certain aspects of the brain that contribute to the truth of the left and right brain theory. Sperry studied people who had undergone surgical division of the corpus callosum, the bridge between the two hemispheres. His studies showed that, "an object placed in the right hand (left hemisphere) could be named readily, but one placed in the left hand (nonverbal right hemisphere) could be neither named nor described. Next to branch off of Sperry's studies was psychologist Doreen Kimura. Kimura developed behavioral methods which involved presenting visual stimuli rapidly to either the left or right visual fields. Another important method developed was "dichotic listening" which centered around the use of sound to study the hemispheres. Through these tests and the continual study the theory that the left brain controlled ended. Instead a new theory was b orn known as the two-brain theory. This said that at different times one of the two hemispheres would be operating. An example of this is that the right hemisphere is in control when an artist paints but the left hemisphere was in control when a novelist wrote a book. This theory failed because of one physical studies showed that people with hemispheres surgically disconnected could operate in everyday life. Also, research demonstrated that each hemisphere had its own functional expertise, and that the two halves were complementary. Next, the article states its worth. The author shows the up to date agreed upon theory of the two hemispheres in five simple points. 1. The two hemispheres are so similar that when they are disconnected by split-brain surgery, each can function remarkably well, although quite imperfectly 2. Although they are remarkably similar they are also different. The differences are seen in contrasting contributions. Each hemisphere contributes something to every action a person takes. 3. Logic is not confined to the left hemisphere. Although dominant in the left logic is present in the right hemisphere. 4. There is no evidence that either creativity or intuition is an exclusive property of the right hemisphere. Same theory as #3. 5. Since the two hemispheres do not function independently, and since each hemisphere contributes its special capacities to all cognitive activities, it is quite impossible to educate one hemisphere at a time in a normal brain. Levy comes to the conclusion that people are not purely left or right brained. There is a continuum in which the hemispheres work together in harmony. Often the left or right hemisphere is more active in some people but it is never the sole operator. She concludes, "We have a single brain that generates a single mental self." Compared to what we did in class related to the left and right hemispheres of the brain, both what we learned and the article taught were extremely similar. Our exerci se showed that we are not left or right brained but merely somewhere on the scale between left and right brain. Some of us were extreme left, few extreme right and most in the middle leaning left a bit (this is where I fell).